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Vitamin B12

Essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis.

Evidence-Based
Fact-Checked
Updated: Oct 10, 2026
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Clinical Profile

Quick Reference

Scientific Rating
5.0
/ 5.0
Standardized Form
Methylcobalamin or Adenosylcobalamin

Vitamin B12 contains the mineral cobalt. It is required for the formation of the myelin sheath that protects nerves and works intimately with folate to convert homocysteine into methionine. The active coenzyme form, Methylcobalamin, is utilized efficiently in the central nervous system compared to synthetic cyanocobalamin.

Clinical Summary

Critical for preventing megaloblastic anemia and peripheral neuropathy. Highly recommended for vegans and the elderly due to absorption issues.

Dosage Guidelines

2.4mcg daily; therapeutic doses often range from 500mcg to 1,000mcg.

Safety & Side Effects

Exceptionally safe with no established upper limit.

Known Interactions

Metformin and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) severely reduce B12 absorption.

Scientific References

Medical Disclaimer

The information provided in this clinical review is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This product or ingredient is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Always consult your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition, or before beginning any new diet, fitness, supplement, or treatment regimen, especially if you have pre-existing medical conditions or are taking prescribed medications.

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